Object.K = function(x) {return x;};

Object.extend = function(destination, source) {
  for (var property in source) {
    destination[property] = source[property];
  }
  return destination;
};

Object.extend(Object, {
  inspect: function(object) {
    try {
      if (Object.isUndefined(object)) return 'undefined';
      if (object === null) return 'null';
      return object.inspect ? object.inspect() : String(object);
    } catch (e) {
      if (e instanceof RangeError) return '...';
      throw e;
    }
  },

  toJSON: function(object) {
    var type = typeof object;
    switch (type) {
    case 'undefined':
    case 'function':
    case 'unknown': return;
    case 'boolean': return object.toString();
    }

    if (object === null) return 'null';
    if (object.toJSON) return object.toJSON();
    if (Object.isElement(object)) return;

    var results = [];
    for (var property in object) {
      var value = Object.toJSON(object[property]);
      if (!Object.isUndefined(value))
        results.push(property.toJSON() + ': ' + value);
    }

    return '{' + results.join(', ') + '}';
  },

  toQueryString: function(object) {
    return $H(object).toQueryString();
  },

  toHTML: function(object) {
    return object && object.toHTML ? object.toHTML() : String.interpret(object);
  },

  keys: function(object) {
    var keys = [];
    for (var property in object)
      keys.push(property);
    return keys;
  },

  values: function(object) {
    var values = [];
    for (var property in object)
      values.push(object[property]);
    return values;
  },

  clone: function(object) {
    return Object.extend({ }, object);
  },

  isElement: function(object) {
    return object && object.nodeType == 1;
  },

  isArray: function(object) {
    return object != null && typeof object == "object" &&
      'splice' in object && 'join' in object;
  },

  isFunction: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "function";
  },

  isString: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "string";
  },

  isNumber: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "number";
  },

  isUndefined: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "undefined";
  }
});

Object.extend(Function.prototype, {
  argumentNames: function() {
    var names = this.toString().match(/^[\s\(]*function[^(]*\((.*?)\)/)[1].split(",").invoke("strip");
    return names.length == 1 && !names[0] ? [] : names;
  },

  bind: function() {
    if (arguments.length < 2 && Object.isUndefined(arguments[0])) return this;
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
    return function() {
      return __method.apply(object, args.concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  bindAsEventListener: function() {
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
    return function(event) {
      return __method.apply(object, [event || window.event].concat(args));
    };
  },

  curry: function() {
    if (!arguments.length) return this;
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments);
    return function() {
      return __method.apply(this, args.concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  delay: function() {
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), timeout = args.shift() * 1000;
    return window.setTimeout(function() {
      return __method.apply(__method, args);
    }, timeout);
  },

  wrap: function(wrapper) {
    var __method = this;
    return function() {
      return wrapper.apply(this, [__method.bind(this)].concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  methodize: function() {
    if (this._methodized) return this._methodized;
    var __method = this;
    return this._methodized = function() {
      return __method.apply(null, [this].concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  }
});

Object.extend = function(destination, source) {
  for (var property in source)
    destination[property] = source[property];
  return destination;
};

Object.extend(Object, {
  inspect: function(object) {
    try {
      if (Object.isUndefined(object)) return 'undefined';
      if (object === null) return 'null';
      return object.inspect ? object.inspect() : String(object);
    } catch (e) {
      if (e instanceof RangeError) return '...';
      throw e;
    }
  },

  toJSON: function(object) {
    var type = typeof object;
    switch (type) {
    case 'undefined':
    case 'function':
    case 'unknown': return;
    case 'boolean': return object.toString();
    }

    if (object === null) return 'null';
    if (object.toJSON) return object.toJSON();
    if (Object.isElement(object)) return;

    var results = [];
    for (var property in object) {
      var value = Object.toJSON(object[property]);
      if (!Object.isUndefined(value))
        results.push(property.toJSON() + ': ' + value);
    }

    return '{' + results.join(', ') + '}';
  },

  toQueryString: function(object) {
    return $H(object).toQueryString();
  },

  toHTML: function(object) {
    return object && object.toHTML ? object.toHTML() : String.interpret(object);
  },

  keys: function(object) {
    var keys = [];
    for (var property in object)
      keys.push(property);
    return keys;
  },

  values: function(object) {
    var values = [];
    for (var property in object)
      values.push(object[property]);
    return values;
  },

  clone: function(object) {
    return Object.extend({ }, object);
  },

  isElement: function(object) {
    return object && object.nodeType == 1;
  },

  isArray: function(object) {
    return object != null && typeof object == "object" &&
      'splice' in object && 'join' in object;
  },

  isHash: function(object) {
    return object instanceof Hash;
  },

  isFunction: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "function";
  },

  isString: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "string";
  },

  isNumber: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "number";
  },

  isUndefined: function(object) {
    return typeof object == "undefined";
  }
});

Object.extend(Function.prototype, {
  argumentNames: function() {
    var names = this.toString().match(/^[\s\(]*function[^(]*\((.*?)\)/)[1].split(",").invoke("strip");
    return names.length == 1 && !names[0] ? [] : names;
  },

  bind: function() {
    if (arguments.length < 2 && Object.isUndefined(arguments[0])) return this;
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
    return function() {
      return __method.apply(object, args.concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  bindAsEventListener: function() {
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
    return function(event) {
      return __method.apply(object, [event || window.event].concat(args));
    };
  },

  curry: function() {
    if (!arguments.length) return this;
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments);
    return function() {
      return __method.apply(this, args.concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  delay: function() {
    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), timeout = args.shift() * 1000;
    return window.setTimeout(function() {
      return __method.apply(__method, args);
    }, timeout);
  },

  wrap: function(wrapper) {
    var __method = this;
    return function() {
      return wrapper.apply(this, [__method.bind(this)].concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  },

  methodize: function() {
    if (this._methodized) return this._methodized;
    var __method = this;
    return this._methodized = function() {
      return __method.apply(null, [this].concat($A(arguments)));
    };
  }
});

var $break = { };

var Enumerable = {
  each: function(iterator, context) {
    var index = 0;
    try {
      this._each(function(value) {
        iterator(value, index++);
      });
    } catch (e) {
      if (e != $break) throw e;
    }
    return this;
  },

  eachSlice: function(number, iterator, context) {
    var index = -number, slices = [], array = this.toArray();
    while ((index += number) < array.length)
      slices.push(array.slice(index, index+number));
    return slices.collect(iterator, context);
  },

  all: function(iterator, context) {
    var result = true;
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      result = result && !!iterator(value, index);
      if (!result) throw $break;
    });
    return result;
  },

  any: function(iterator, context) {
    var result = false;
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      if (result = !!iterator(value, index))
        throw $break;
    });
    return result;
  },

  collect: function(iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      results.push(iterator(value, index));
    });
    return results;
  },

  detect: function(iterator, context) {
    var result;
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      if (iterator(value, index)) {
        result = value;
        throw $break;
      }
    });
    return result;
  },

  findAll: function(iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      if (iterator(value, index))
        results.push(value);
    });
    return results;
  },

  grep: function(filter, iterator, context) {
    var results = [];

    if (Object.isString(filter))
      filter = new RegExp(filter);

    this.each(function(value, index) {
      if (filter.match(value))
        results.push(iterator(value, index));
    });
    return results;
  },

  include: function(object) {
    if (Object.isFunction(this.indexOf))
      if (this.indexOf(object) != -1) return true;

    var found = false;
    this.each(function(value) {
      if (value == object) {
        found = true;
        throw $break;
      }
    });
    return found;
  },

  inGroupsOf: function(number, fillWith) {
    fillWith = Object.isUndefined(fillWith) ? null : fillWith;
    return this.eachSlice(number, function(slice) {
      while(slice.length < number) slice.push(fillWith);
      return slice;
    });
  },

  inject: function(memo, iterator, context) {
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      memo = iterator(memo, value, index);
    });
    return memo;
  },

  invoke: function(method) {
    var args = $A(arguments).slice(1);
    return this.map(function(value) {
      return value[method].apply(value, args);
    });
  },

  max: function(iterator, context) {
    var result;
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      value = iterator(value, index);
      if (result == null || value >= result)
        result = value;
    });
    return result;
  },

  min: function(iterator, context) {
    var result;
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      value = iterator(value, index);
      if (result == null || value < result)
        result = value;
    });
    return result;
  },

  partition: function(iterator, context) {
    var trues = [], falses = [];
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      (iterator(value, index) ?
       trues : falses).push(value);
    });
    return [trues, falses];
  },

  pluck: function(property) {
    var results = [];
    this.each(function(value) {
      results.push(value[property]);
    });
    return results;
  },

  reject: function(iterator, context) {
    var results = [];
    this.each(function(value, index) {
      if (!iterator(value, index))
        results.push(value);
    });
    return results;
  },

  sortBy: function(iterator, context) {
    return this.map(function(value, index) {
      return {value: value, criteria: iterator(value, index)};
    }).sort(function(left, right) {
      var a = left.criteria, b = right.criteria;
      return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
    }).pluck('value');
  },

  toArray: function() {
    return this.map();
  },

  zip: function() {
    var iterator = Object.K, args = $A(arguments);
    if (Object.isFunction(args.last()))
      iterator = args.pop();

    var collections = [this].concat(args).map($A);
    return this.map(function(value, index) {
      return iterator(collections.pluck(index));
    });
  },

  size: function() {
    return this.toArray().length;
  },

  inspect: function() {
    return '#<Enumerable:' + this.toArray().inspect() + '>';
  }
};

Object.extend(Enumerable, {
  map:     Enumerable.collect,
  find:    Enumerable.detect,
  select:  Enumerable.findAll,
  filter:  Enumerable.findAll,
  member:  Enumerable.include,
  entries: Enumerable.toArray,
  every:   Enumerable.all,
  some:    Enumerable.any
});

function $A(iterable) {
  if (!iterable) return [];
  if (iterable.toArray) return iterable.toArray();
  var length = iterable.length || 0, results = new Array(length);
  while (length--) results[length] = iterable[length];
  return results;
}

Array.from = $A;

Object.extend(Array.prototype, Enumerable);

if (!Array.prototype._reverse) Array.prototype._reverse = Array.prototype.reverse;

Object.extend(Array.prototype, {
  _each: function(iterator) {
    for (var i = 0, length = this.length; i < length; i++)
      iterator(this[i]);
  },

  clear: function() {
    this.length = 0;
    return this;
  },

  first: function() {
    return this[0];
  },

  last: function() {
    return this[this.length - 1];
  },

  compact: function() {
    return this.select(function(value) {
      return value != null;
    });
  },

  flatten: function() {
    return this.inject([], function(array, value) {
      return array.concat(Object.isArray(value) ? value.flatten() : [value]);
    });
  },

  without: function() {
    var values = $A(arguments);
    return this.select(function(value) {
      return !values.include(value);
    });
  },

  reverse: function(inline) {
    return (inline !== false ? this : this.toArray())._reverse();
  },

  reduce: function() {
    return this.length > 1 ? this : this[0];
  },

  uniq: function(sorted) {
    return this.inject([], function(array, value, index) {
      if (0 == index || (sorted ? array.last() != value : !array.include(value)))
        array.push(value);
      return array;
    });
  },

  intersect: function(array) {
    return this.uniq().findAll(function(item) {
      return array.detect(function(value) { return item === value });
    });
  },

  clone: function() {
    return [].concat(this);
  },

  size: function() {
    return this.length;
  },

  inspect: function() {
    return '[' + this.map(Object.inspect).join(', ') + ']';
  },

  push: function(el) {
    this[this.length] = el;
    return this;
  },

  // borrowed from sylvester ------------------------

  // Returns the result of adding the argument to the vector
  add: function(vector) {
    var V = vector;
    if (this.length != V.length) { return null; }
    return this.map(function(x, i) { return x + V[i]; });
  },

  // Returns the result of subtracting the argument from the vector
  subtract: function(vector) {
    var V = vector;
    if (this.length != V.length) { return null; }
    return this.map(function(x, i) { return x - V[i]; });
  },

  // Returns the result of multiplying the elements of the vector by the argument
  multiply: function(k) {
    return this.map(function(x) { return x*k; });
  },

  // Returns the scalar product of the vector with the argument
  // Both vectors must have equal dimensionality
  dot: function(vector) {
    var V = vector;
    var i, product = 0, n = this.length;
    if (n != V.length) { return null; }
    do { product += this[n-1] * V[n-1]; } while (--n);
    return product;
  },

  // Returns the vector's distance from the argument, when considered as a point in space
  distanceSquared: function(obj) {
    if (obj.anchor) { return obj.distanceFrom(this); }
    var V = obj;
    if (V.length != this.length) { return null; }
    var sum = 0, part;
    this.each(function(x, i) {
      part = x - V[i];
      sum += part * part;
    });
    return sum;
  },

  distanceFrom: function(obj) {
      return Math.sqrt(this.distanceSquared(obj));
  },

  // Returns a new vector created by normalizing the receiver
  toUnitVector: function() {
    var r = this.modulus();
    if (r === 0) { return this.clone(); }
    return this.map(function(x) { return x/r; });
  },

  // Returns the modulus ('length') of the vector
  modulus: function() {
    return Math.sqrt(this.dot(this));
  },

  // Rotation matrix about some axis. If no axis is
  // supplied, assume we're after a 2D transform
  rotation_matrix: function(theta, a) {
    if (!a) {
      return [
        [Math.cos(theta),  -Math.sin(theta)],
        [Math.sin(theta),   Math.cos(theta)]
      ];
    }
    var axis = a.clone();
    if (axis.length != 3) { return null; }
    var mod = axis.modulus();
    var x = axis[0]/mod, y = axis[1]/mod, z = axis[2]/mod;
    var s = Math.sin(theta), c = Math.cos(theta), t = 1 - c;
    // Formula derived here: http://www.gamedev.net/reference/articles/article1199.asp
    // That proof rotates the co-ordinate system so theta
    // becomes -theta and sin becomes -sin here.
    return [
      [ t*x*x + c, t*x*y - s*z, t*x*z + s*y ],
      [ t*x*y + s*z, t*y*y + c, t*y*z - s*x ],
      [ t*x*z - s*y, t*y*z + s*x, t*z*z + c ]
    ];
  },

  // Rotates the vector about the given object. The object should be a
  // point if the vector is 2D, and a line if it is 3D. Be careful with line directions!
  rotate: function(t, obj) {
    var V, R, x, y, z;
    switch (this.length) {
      case 2:
        V = obj || obj;
        if (V.length != 2) { return null; }
        R = this.rotation_matrix(t);
        x = this[0] - V[0];
        y = this[1] - V[1];
        return [
          V[0] + R[0][0] * x + R[0][1] * y,
          V[1] + R[1][0] * x + R[1][1] * y
        ];
        break;
      case 3:
        if (!obj.direction) { return null; }
        var C = obj.pointClosestTo(this);
        R = this.rotation_matrix(t, obj.direction);
        x = this[0] - C[0];
        y = this[1] - C[1];
        z = this[2] - C[2];
        return [
          C[0] + R[0][0] * x + R[0][1] * y + R[0][2] * z,
          C[1] + R[1][0] * x + R[1][1] * y + R[1][2] * z,
          C[2] + R[2][0] * x + R[2][1] * y + R[2][2] * z
        ];
        break;
      default:
        return null;
    }
  },

  toJSON: function() {
    var results = [];
    this.each(function(object) {
      var value = Object.toJSON(object);
      if (!Object.isUndefined(value)) results.push(value);
    });
    return '[' + results.join(', ') + ']';
  }
});

// use native browser JS 1.6 implementation if available
if (Object.isFunction(Array.prototype.forEach))
  Array.prototype._each = Array.prototype.forEach;

if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) Array.prototype.indexOf = function(item, i) {
  i || (i = 0);
  var length = this.length;
  if (i < 0) i = length + i;
  for (; i < length; i++)
    if (this[i] === item) return i;
  return -1;
};

if (!Array.prototype.lastIndexOf) Array.prototype.lastIndexOf = function(item, i) {
  i = isNaN(i) ? this.length : (i < 0 ? this.length + i : i) + 1;
  var n = this.slice(0, i).reverse().indexOf(item);
  return (n < 0) ? n : i - n - 1;
};

Array.prototype.toArray = Array.prototype.clone;

Object.extend(Number.prototype, {
  toColorPart: function() {
    return this.toPaddedString(2, 16);
  },

  succ: function() {
    return this + 1;
  },

  times: function(iterator) {
    $R(0, this, true).each(iterator);
    return this;
  },

  toPaddedString: function(length, radix) {
    var string = this.toString(radix || 10);
    return '0'.times(length - string.length) + string;
  },

  toJSON: function() {
    return isFinite(this) ? this.toString() : 'null';
  }
});

var $R = function(start, end, exclusive) {
  var range = {};

  Object.extend(range, Enumerable);

  range._each = function(iterator) {
    var value = start;
    while (range.include(value)) {
      iterator(value);
      value = value.succ();
    }
  };

  range.include = function(value) {
    if (value < start)
      return false;
    if (exclusive)
      return value < end;
    return value <= end;
  };

  return range;
};